摘要： Apple provides a good example of a strange economic phenomenon
A lot of economic theories, predictions, and policies are based on the assumption that people are essentially rational. But is that a reasonable assumption? Naturally, that will depend on exactly what we mean when we say people are rational.
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At first thought, this seems like an odd assumption, because people often make decisions that certainly appear to be irrational and against their own best interests.
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Mainly what economists mean when we say people are rational is that people aren’t just making decisions at random. There’s a pattern to their decisions because they follow some decision-making rules. And this is what gives their decisions some degree of predictability.
A simple example might explain it better:
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